Ein Bericht zu einer Äußerung der italienischen Premierministerin:
A row has erupted in Italy after a journalist and the partner of Giorgia Meloni appeared to suggest that women could avoid rape by not getting too drunk, with opposition parties calling on the prime minister to distance herself from his comments.
“If you go dancing you are fully entitled to get drunk ... but if you avoid getting drunk and losing consciousness, perhaps you’d also avoid getting into trouble, because then you’ll find the wolf,” Andrea Giambruno said on his show on the right-leaning channel Rete 4 after recent high-profile gang rape cases near Naples and in Palermo.
Giambruno, who has a seven-year-old daughter with Meloni, agreed during the show with the editor of the rightwing Libero newspaper, Pietro Senaldi, who said: “If you want to avoid rape, above all don’t lose consciousness, keep your wits about you.”
Das ist ja eine alte Diskussion, die hier auch schon ein paar Mal Thema war. Hier kommt natürlich dazu, dass es der Partner von Meloni sagt, die eh keiner auf linker Seite mag und es ein urlinkes intersektionales Thema anspricht, nämlich die Frage, ob das Raten zu einem Verhalten, welches eine Gefahrreduzierung bewirkt, unzulässig ist, weil dieser Rat Verantwortung für die Tat auf das Opfer verlagert und damit Victimblaming ist.
Die eine Seite vertritt die Auffassung, dass ein guter Rat, der das Risiko verringert, kein Vorwurf sein kann, sondern jeder Interesse an Selbstschutz haben sollte.
Gerne genommener Vergleich ist, dass man ja auch sein Auto und sein Haus abschließt und das ja auch kein Victimblaming ist bzw sich jemand, der in einem „Problemviertel“ mit Reichtum prallt oder offen zeigt, dass er viel Geld mit sich trägt, damit eben sein Risiko erhöht, dass es ihm jemand wegnehmen will. Und natürlich kann da ein gewisser Schuldvorwurf mitschwingen: „Wie kannst du nur so blöd sein, da zu zeigen, dass du Geld dabei hast?“. Da wird dann angeführt, dass die Tatverantwortung ja dennoch beim Täter bleibt.
Die andere Seite vertritt, dass damit eine Verhaltensaufforderung verbunden ist, die unzulässig ist, weil der Täter die alleinige Schuld trifft.
Die Gesellschaft müsse sich ändern, insbesondere die Gruppe der Männer, es läge an dieser alleine, dass sie Vergewaltigungen verhindert.
Zunächst erst einmal: Forschung spricht dafür, dass Alkoholkonsum tatsächlich ein hoher Risikofaktor ist zB
Relationship Between Alcohol and Sexual Violence PerpetrationAlcohol use is widely identified as a risk factor for sexual violence perpetration (Abbey, Wegner, Woerner, Pegram, & Pierce, 2014). Numerous studies have found a direct association between alcohol use and sexual violence perpetration in diverse populations, including high school and college students, adolescent and adult sex offenders, community men and women, and among individuals in same-sex relationships (Tharp et al., 2013). Roughly half of all sexual assaults (reported and unreported) involve the consumption of alcohol by the perpetrator, victim, or both (Abbey, Zawacki, Buck, Clinton, & McAuslan, 2004). The literature suggests that between 34% and 74% of sexual violence perpetrators used alcohol at the time of the assault, and men who drank “heavily” (i.e., acted/felt moderately or extremely intoxicated) on their last date were more likely to report committing sexual assault on that date than men who did not (Abbey, Ross, & McDuffie, 1994). A number of theories have been proposed to explain the relationship between alcohol use and sexual violence perpetration, with most evidence suggesting that alcohol interacts with multiple characteristics of perpetrators and their environments to increase the risk for violence (Abbey et al., 2004). The current review focuses on two key mechanisms by which alcohol may increase the risk of sexual violence perpetration: excessive consumption and social disorganization. These mechanisms have particular relevance to existing alcohol policy interventions and, as such, guide the selection of policies examined in the current review.
Excessive Consumption
Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a number of cognitive and social consequences that can increase an individual’s risk for sexual violence perpetration, including cognitive impairment and the misperception of social cues. Specifically, excessive alcohol use is directly linked to acute problems with abstract reasoning, planning, and judgment, impairments that can result in disinhibition, reduced empathy, and a limited capacity to consider long-term consequences or alternative behaviors (Abbey et al., 2004, 2014). Such effects may reduce cognitive functions that would otherwise inhibit aggressive and violent behavior among high-risk individuals, including sexual assault. Excessive alcohol consumption may also exacerbate the tendency for some men to misperceive the level of a woman’s sexual interest by reducing their capacity for higher order thinking (Abbey et al., 2004; Gallagher, Hudepohl, & Parrott, 2010). By shrinking one’s perceptual field to only the most obvious information, alcohol makes it difficult to attend to multiple and complex social cues, such as those that may occur on a date or while talking to a potential sex partner. As a result, complex cues are often interpreted to support one’s initial expectations (Abbey et al., 2014). This is particularly problematic when these existing expectations are shaped by sociocultural norms that support aggressive sexual behavior or violence against women. For example, men exposed to messages about male sexual entitlement may be more likely, while intoxicated, to expect that interactions with potential sex partners will end in sex, and these expectations may be reinforced, in turn, by the misperception of social cues to support these expectations (Abbey, 2011).
Aber das spielt aufgrund der verschiedenen Ansatzpunkte in der Argumentation eine geringe Rolle.
Both men voiced condemnation of the rapists, whom they described as “wolves”, but the comments caused a storm on social media, with posters accusing Giambruno of victim blaming.
Cecilia D’Elia, a senator for the centre-left opposition Democratic party (PD) and vice-president of the commission of inquiry into femicide, said: “They just can’t help but blame women. Don’t go out alone, don’t go where it’s dark, don’t dress provocatively. All this is no longer acceptable.”
“If a girl drinks too much, she can expect a headache, not a rape,” she added, and called on Meloni to distance herself from her partner’s comments.
The opposition Five Star Movement party (M5S) said in a statement that “Giambruno’s words are unacceptable and shameful” and “they represent a male-dominated and retrograde culture”.
Auf der einen Seite „Vergewaltigung ist ein schlimmes Verbrechen und wir leben in einer Rape Culture“ auf der anderen Seite „wie kann man es wagen Sicherheitsmaßnahmen vorzuschlagen, die nach allem was wir wissen sogar Taten verhindern würden, die Gesellschaft ist schuld“.
Giambruno replied saying: “If I had said something wrong, I would have apologised, but that’s not the case and there will never be a day when a politician tells me what to say.
“I said rape is an abominable act. I took the liberty of telling young people not to go out on purpose to get drunk and do drugs. I advised them to be careful because, unfortunately, the bad guys are always out there. I never said that men are entitled to rape drunk women.”
Da hätte er recht. Aber das wird in der Debatte eben nicht wahrgenommen werden.
Alles Evolution 